All probabilities are equal, but some probabilities are more equal than others

There are several procedures for selecting people at random. Mod-
ern and ancient stories as well as some experiments suggest that in-
dividuals may not view all such lotteries as “fair.” In this paper,
we compare alternative procedures and show conditions under which
some procedures are preferred to others. These procedures give all
individuals an equal chance of being selected, but have different struc-
tures. We analyze these procedures as multi-stage lotteries. In line
with previous literature, our analysis is based on the observation that
multi-stage lotteries are not considered indifferent to their probabilis-
tic one-stage representations.